Commonly Used Terms （Update 1）

debt-to-equity swap债转股

the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar

港元的联系汇率制

bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 坏帐、的呆帐、的死帐

anti-dumping measures against …… 反倾销措施

deflation

通货紧缩

inflation

通货膨胀

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非配额产品 investment in non-productive projects 非生产性投资 risk management/ assessment风险管理/评估 venture capital 风险基金

loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 风险准备金revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 搞活国有大中型企业 scale economy/ economies of scale

规模经济

state-owned cooperatives

国合企业（即国有合作社）

balance of international payments/ balance of payment

国际收支

disequilibrium of balance of payment 国际收支不平衡 public subsidies 国家补贴

state foreign exchange reserves 国家现汇结存

guide rational consumption 合理引导消费

seasonal price adjustments 季节性调价

established/accomplished facts 既成事实

scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development 技工贸结合的科技型企业 labor-intensive enterprises

劳动密集性企业

unwarranted pooling of funds， arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds， compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises 乱集资、的乱摊派、的乱收费

millennium bug 千年问题、的千年虫

technological updating of enterprises 企业技术改造

subsidies to cover enterprise losses 企业亏损补贴 grant the national treatment to

实行国民待遇

pursuing practical results， adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality， mutual benefit， efficiency， diversity andmutual development

平等互利、的讲求实效、的形式多样、的共同发展的方针 “bottleneck”restrictions 瓶颈制约

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